The Great Poet Of Umayyad Caliphate “ Al- Farazdaq” ( Life Sketch)

The Great Poet Of Umayyad Caliphate “ Al- Farazdaq” ( Life Sketch )

Arabic Literature

Hammam ibn Ghalib Abu Firas, commonly referred to as al-Farazdaq (ca. 641 - ca. 728-730), was an Arab poet.

Raised in Kadhima (modern-day Kuwait) and settled in Basra. He was a member of Darim, one of Bani Tamim's most known groups, and his mother was of the Dabba tribe.
His grandfather Sasa was a great reputed Bedouin, his father Ghalib Chosethe same lifestyle before Basra was Built, and he was known for his generosity and hospitality.

At the age of 15, Farazdaq was referred to as a poet, and though checked for a brief time by the recommendation of the caliph Ali to devote his attention to the study of the Qur'an, he soon returned to making verse. In the true Bedouin spirit, he devoted his talent largely to satire and attacked the Bani Nahshal and therefore the Bani Fuqaim. When Ziyad, a member of the latter tribe, became governor of Basra in 669, the poet was compelled to escape, first to Kufa, and then, Ashe was still too close to Ziyad, to Medina, where the emir of the region, Said ibn al-As, was well received. Said ibn al-As.He lived about ten years here, writing satires on Bedouin tribes but avoiding urban politics. But he lived a prodigal life, and the caliph Marwan I led his amorous verses to his expulsion.

But he spent a simple life, and his amorous verses led to his expulsion by the caliph Marwan (the first). Just at that point he learned of the death of Ziyad and returned to Basra, where he secured the favor of Ziyad's successor Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad. Now he has dedicated much of his writing to his marital affairs.

He had taken advantage of his position as guardian and against her will, he married his cousin Nawar. He had taken advantage of his position as a guardian and married his cousin Nawar against her will. She sought help vainly from the court of Basra and from various tribes. All feared the poet's satires. At last, she fled to Mecca and appealed to the political contender to the Ummayids Abdallah ibn Zubayr, who, however, succeeded in inducing her to consent to confirmation of the marriage.

Quarrels soon arose again. Farazdaq took a second wife, and after her death, a 3rd, to harass Nawar. Finally, he permitted a divorce pronounced by Hasan Basri. Another subject gave rise to an extensive series of verses, namely his rivalry along with his rival Jarir and his Bani Kulaib tribe. These poems are published because of the Nakaid of Jarir and al-Farazdaq.

Al-Farazdaq became an official poet to the Umayyad caliph Al-Walid I (reigned 705–715), to whom he dedicated a variety of panegyrics.

He is most renowned for the poem he gave at Makkah when Ali bin Hussain bin Ali bin Abu Talib (Zayn al-Abidin) entered the emir angering Kaba's Haram. The poem is extremely powerful. 

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